Broad-tipped pen and feeder



Feb. 17, 1942. R. F.. GEORGE 2,273,702

BROAD-TIPPED PEN AND FEEDER Filed Aug. 16, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1Zhwentor Ross F. George 5 Y Gttornegs Feb. 17, 1942. R. F. GEORGE ,2

BROAD-TIPPED PEN AND FEEDER Filed Aug. 16, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I4 figlE 1 2a Zhwentor Ross F. George A fitter-neg;

Patented Feb. 17, 1942 Es FATE NsT rem-C r i I BROADF-TIPPED PEN ANDFEEDER "Ross F. Ge0rge, Seattle, Wash. H Applicati0n'August'16,1940,Serial No. 352,904

h 2201mm. ((31.120-111) Pens with reservoir 'attachr nents 'have beenused by show-cardwriter's, principally for lettering. :Such pen areshown, for example, in my.

prior Patents Nos. 1,747,701, 1,877,295, and 2,104,479. Wheneverrequired, to handedraw broad or broadly shaded linesywhether in margins,inv decorative 'flouri's'hes, or in large letters, show-card writers.will normally-muse a brush. Pens with sufliciently broad marking tipsmaybe made, by enlarging or broadeningyknownlettering pens, or as shownin the Oelba-umPatent No.

2,071,985,, and may thus carryla sufficient quantity of ink, required by:suchfiastroke -;of normal length and great breadth, but such a penwould be so lacking in theiflexibility, particularly thetransverse'fiexibility, which-is characteristic of a brush, that itwould be difiicult jto handle it, and to maintain the proper breadthand-weight {0f in k throughout the. stroke. Accordingly, no such penshave come into general use. ,1 q

In the brush, on the contrary, there is not only an, ink "reservoir oflarge capacity, such as the broadstroke of appreciable length requires,andthe multitude of capillary channels toefiect even and controlleddistribution of the ink, "regardless oi, the flexed position "of thebrushs tip, trans vvei'sely or longitudinally, but likewise thereismaximum freedom of flexure, both transversely and longitudinally.Without, such flexibility, coupled with controlled yet adequate inksupply to *all parts of the brushs tip regardless of Hev can rapidlydraw a broad line, straight or.

curved, of any length within the ink-holding capacity of his brush,assured that the line will be of proper width and weight throughout.;-I-le acquires askill and technique in handling the'brushwhich dependsupon the flexibility (particularly the transverse flexibility) of thebrush, and

which is nullified if such flexibility is lacking.

No pen which lacks corresponding flexibility will' be acceptable. N0pen, however flexible, will be acceptable unless the ink supply to themarking tip is adequate and as well controlled as in the brush. Indeed,a, pen which leaves something to.

be desired as to flexibility maybe 'acceptable'for some purposes if itsink supply is controlled by suitably graduated channels of adequatebreadth,

. and of" varying thickness, includinga capillary space'atit end. Thenecessity of propercont trol of the ink supply is more acute as the-penbecomes more flexible, for the flexing of theipen must not disturb thenecessarily small capillary relation of the 'ink-feedingchannels to allparts a of the marking tip, notwithstanding flexureof the tip, and ofthe channel-defining elements leading thereto, to a degreefar in excessof the capillary channels thickness. The ink supply 7 must be adequatein amount at all times,1in all 1: positions, and to allxparts of thetip, yet never,

ing abroad marking tip, for strokes of a nature heretofore reserved forbrushes, and having a feeder or reservoir of capacity equivalent to thatof a brush of corresponding :wid th, but-.zso' -ar-. ranged, as to thebrush and also as to the 2 brush and feeder as an operative combination,

2, adequate capacity, regardless :of flexure or position of the pen.

that the marking tip preferably hasflexibility comparable to that of :abrush, and the inkis fed to the marking tip' in a, controlled manner,through capillary channels'from a reservoir of In so doing there isachieved the final aim, namely, uniformity ,'of widthof the stroke,coupledwi-th the uniformity of weight which is accomplished by theproper distribution f"- previously mentioned.

In accomplishing the main purpose abovei-t is also my purposeto providea pen and a feeder or feeders for usetherewith which can be simply andinexpensively constructed, easily cleaned,

and which lends itself to quantityproduction.

It is also an object of "the invention to pro-- vide such a pen andfeeder device which may be embodied in various Iformsand styles to fitvarious needs of the users or of the manufacturer.

Likewise; it is an object to provide such a pen and feeder, which incertain forms may incorpoe rate certain of the advantages.(:asMquick-opening for cleaning) which distinguish previouspatentsreferred to above.

tion comprises the novel pen and feeder com,-

bination, as shown in various embodiments in the accompanying drawings,and as willbe here- I a V fif -ina'fter more particularly disclosed anddefined.

. Figure 1 is a perspective view of such' apen incorporating theprinciples of this invention, shown in position of use, the constructionshown" being a simple and typical one.

With these" and other objects in and, aswill appear as thespecification. progresses, my inven- Figure 2 is a plan view ofthesamearrange-l ment, Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Figure 2,and Figure 4 is an end view of the same, showing enlargedly the relativepositions of parts during transverse flexure of the marking tip.

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 2 of a slightly modified form, andFigure 6 is a longitudinal section on the line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Figure '7 is a plan view, and Figure 8 is a longitudinal section on theline 88 of Figure 7, showing a modified arrangement of the tip, butotherwise similar to Figures 5 and 6, respectively. Figure 9 is a planview, and Figure 10 is a longitudinal section on the line Ill-I0 ofFigure 9, illustrating a further modified form incorporating theinvention.

Figure 11 is a plan view, and Figure 12 is a longitudinal section online |2--|2 of Figure 11, illustrating a, further modification, andFigure 13 is a detail section showing a slight modification over theform just described.

'Figure14 ,is a plan view with the feeders. in openiposition, Figure15.is. a view from the shank end,1'and Figure 16 is a side elevation ofsuch a pen,incorporating the advantages of the .swingable .feedersshown, for instance, in my prior Patents Nos. 1,877,295 or 2,104,479.

Figure .17 is aplan view, with parts in open position, and Figure 18 isa longitudinal section on theline |8--|8 of Figure 17, with-parts inclosed position, showing a further modified form of 'movably mountedfeeders.

Figure 19 is a longitudinal section, showing a further modifiedarrangement incorporating swin'gably mounted feeders.

' The form shown in Figure 1 has been chosen for purposes ofillustration because of its sim-' plicity." A pen maybe considered ascomprising a'pen body, with its marking tip, and one or more feederscooperating with the pen body to form anink reservoir or reservoirs. Thepen, in this instance,'may be formed of a single piece of sheet metalbent upon itself to define a markin tip'located at the bend, a pen bodyformed by one 'end of the sheet metal piece, and a feeder, spacedtherefrom, formed from the other end of the sheet metal piece. Thearrangement shown in Figures 1 to 4 inclusive is somewhat more complexthan that described, but in essence is to formed. For instance, oneportion, designated l, forms the penbody. It may be fiat or cupped inany way to a desired shape, and has a shank I ll'formedupon it shapedfor reception in the end of a pen holder 9. The marking tip 3 is formedby or at the bend, and may be of any desired radius of curvature andbreadth. The remaining portion of the sheet metal piece constitutes thefeeder 2, which in this instance is arranged as an overfeeder,'but whichmight be disposed beneath the pen body as an underfeeder. The feeder maybe provided with a tongue 20 complemental to the pen shank l0, andsimilarly received in the holder 9.

Except as to the broadest aspects of the invention, I wish to emphasizethe flexible nature of the pen. This flexibility may be provided in anyone of several ways, or by several such ways combined. The sheet metalof which the pen is formed; may be of material which is inherentlyflexible; it may be so thin that it becomes flexible; it may be divided,by slits or otherwise, into individually flexible parts, constituting aflexible Whole. Not only is the pen body I flexible, but so, too, is thefeeder 2, and the two should be correspondingly flexible, so that thefeeder will flex in all its parts to follow the flexibility of the pensmarking tip.

It is, of course, necessary to arrange for the passage of ink from theinterior of the reservoir, formed between the pen body I and the feeder2, to the outer surface of the marking tip 3. This is convenientlyaccomplished by providing slits 4 which extend from the marking tiplongitudinally of the pen. Preferably these would normally extendlengthwise of the pen body I, as indicated at l2, forming a plurality offingers, all lying in a common surface when at rest. Preferably thesefingers are of considerable longitudinal extent, thereby being madeappreciably flexible, each in the direction of its length, and by theirrelative flexing permitting transverse flexure of the marking tip 3.However, I prefer that the slits also extend, as indicated at 42,lengthwise of the feeder 2, and while not essentially so arranged, Iprefer that these slits 42 be arranged in registry with the slits of thepen body, so that the fingers thus defined in the feeder 2 correspond toand register (at the tip) with the fingers of the pen body; thus the twocorresponding fingers may flex together, yet in flexing the fingerswhich cooperate as a pair for controlled supply of ink retain theirproper operative relationship, regardless of their own flexure or of therelative flexure of adjacent pairs of fingers.

Nor does this result fiow merely from the integral or connectedrelationship of the fingers of the pen: body and of the feeder. Theresult follows whether such fingers of the individual pairs areconnected, as in Figures 1 to 4, or are entirely separate, as in Figures14 to 19, inclusive. The essential thing, when flexibility is achievedby slitting the breadth'of the marking tip, is that the feeder belikewise sufficiently flexible, whether inherentlyor by reason of slits.Flexibility is affected by the gaugeof the metal, its inherent nature orcomposition, its treatment, the number, breadth, and length of slits,and like factors. The pen body will normally be of such metal thatrather narrow and long slits are required. The simplest way of insuringcorrespondingly adequatefiexibility of the feeder is to slit the feederlengthwise from its tip, so that the slits in the pen body and in thefeeder are in registry. If they register at the marking tip, registryinwardly therefrom'is not so important, so long as divergence fromregistry does not provoke interference and lessen flexibility. If thefeeder is inherently sufficiently flexible, it may not be necessary to'secure registry of the slits even at the marking tip, and indeed, theslits may be omitted altogether from the feeder (as in some cases theymay be omitted from the pen body) if its tip is sufficiently flexible tofollow the flexure of the pens marking tip, without interferencetherewith.

In Figure 4 is shown the action which takes place when the marking tip 3is pressed against the surface S with greater force applied at the edgewhich is represented at the left in Figure 4: than at the opposite edge,If the pen body, either inherently or by reason of interference with itsflexure by a rigid feeder, could not flex, such pressure at'the left inFigure 4 would merely raise the edge of the marking tip which is at theright in that figure, and at some intermediate point the ink would failto flow by capillary attraction, and the line would thin out.Alternatively, consider that the pens marking tip is sufficientlyflexible that the marking tip would flex in sections, in the mannershown in Figure aa'zavoz edge of Figure 4,-thatk edge where pressure is.

the greatest. As a result the feeders-right-hand end would depart so farfrom the transversely flexed'right-hand end of the pen that thecapillarychannel would be unduly broadened, and either the ink: would.retreatfromn this edge to the left, starving. the stroke attheyright-handi edge, or if the'separationv Was sufficiently, great themass-of the ink. in the reservoir; abovethe rightehandedge ofthemarkingtipxmight overflow and. cause a blot at thisright-hand: end; It becomesevident, then,.that it is essential that; if the markingtip flexes, thereservoir. must likewise. flex in all its parts correspondingly; so thatthere will bemaintained,a1l'the wayacrossthe markingtip, the propercapillary; feeding relationship between the separately'flexible parts ofthe marking. tip and of the feeder; Only/inthis manner, asis shown in;Figure 4, can uniformity of feed be insured to all partsof the markingtip regardless ofthe fleX-ure of the marking tiprand of theseparately'flexible fingers of the-penxin use.

It. willbe noted that the ink reservoir is. of

great breadth but rather thin,atf 1east,.at. its end.

By keeping. the surfaces of the pen body. I. and.

feeder 2 close together for an appreciable distance, there is formed' athin, capillary channelv which willprevent overflow or unduly rapidflowof ink, but will feed the inkv to' the marking. tip

as rapidly as it can be used up. Preferably the reservoiriswedge-shaped, as viewed from the side, thusgaining in capacity without:loss' of; con.-

trol;. Even if 'it'appears enlarged at the marking:

tip, it. is of capillary dimensions. thereabove,

thereby affordingthe necessary capillary control ofthe feed;

The thickness of themetal, the lengthof the slits, and similarcharacteristics of the pen and feeder may be so chosen, and the breadthof. the markingtip may be so great, that there might be. a tendency for.the fingersto. flex eachirelative to-enable-it. to be swung into and'outof position. r

This intermediate plate 5 serves a further purpose in that it maycooperate with each of the pen body I and the feeder 2 to form aseparate reservoir connected adjacent the marking tip. The spacingbetweenthe feeder 2 and thepen body I may be so great, in order tosecure adequate ink capacity, that there is danger of the ink runningout andblotting, but if sucha large reservoir is divided up intoseparate smaller com municating wedge-shaped reservoirs the danger ofthus running outis considerably lessened.-

For purposes of filling and venting the reservoir, and for the purposeof relieving the stresses during treatment and manufacture .of' thedevice, the s1its'42 preferably terminate in pierces 43.

The arrangement shown in Figures 5- and-.6 is very similar to thatdescribed, except that the auxiliary plate 5 is omitted, and also thetongue- 20 isomitted. This makes avery'simpleform,

and one which is easily cleaned without remover. and; the pen body are:held sufiiciently and g properly spaced iby a dimple. 44.

The arrangement of Figures '7 and 8 is quite similarto that of Figures5v and 6, respectively.

with the exceptionthat themarking tip, instead of being rounded asintheprevious forms, is angularly bent relatively .to the pen body. Thiswould. have atendency to, make the pen body or thefeeder, if-unslit,even more unyielding in transverseflexure than if. it were straight, yetby the provisionof thelongitudinal slits in each; registeringwith theslits of. the other, the pen body. [and the feeder 2-. are made whollyadequately flexible, notwithstanding the broad tip and the angularitywhich would otherwise make it stiff: and inflexible.

In the form shown in Figures 9 and. 10 an auxiliary feeder 6 has been;provided by bending the samepieceofimetalthat forms the pen body markingtip, but instead this bend may be opposite themarkingtip, andthe markingtip-may be formed by a cut end ofthe pen body. Such an arrangementisshown in Figures 11 and 12. The bend l3between the pen body I and thefeeder 2 is-distant.fromathemarking tip 3. The slits I2 areprovidedas-before,- and similar slits may be provided in the feeder 2,if desired; but the feeder-2 in this or mother forms may have sufficientinherent flexibility, and the breadth of the fingers: defined by theslits I2 in the pen body, may be so narrow that feeder will followtransverse flexure-of the marking tip 3 without actually slitting thefeeder, and that is the intended arrangement in Figures 11' and 12.

These figures illustrate a further modification in that the feeder 2 isapertured, as indicated at 22, distant from the marking tip, and thematerial-isleft attached adjacent the bend I3, but is extended away fromthemarkingtip in general prolongation of the pen body I. This piece isshaped toaconstitut'e the shank II]. This does not materially reducethecapacity of the ink reservoinbut affords anopening for venting thereservoir and: for access of ink to the same in Figure 13isazmodifi'cation of Figure 12 wherein. the feeder tip. does not extendquite to the marking tip 3:. of. the pen, and. the feeder tip isdownturned, as indicated at 24, to increase somewhat thecapacityoftheink reservoir.

In the forms shown and described heretofore the-pen: body and: thefeeder have been part of thesame sheet metalpiece. This is notessential, in accordancewith the broad principles of thisinvention, andiniFigures 14 to 19; inclusive, the pen and the feeder. or feeders havebeen shown asseparately constructed. In so doing, if desired, thefeeders may bejof material more flexible; than the pen body.

In-Figures; 14, 15,. and 16 the pen: body I is completewith its shankl0, and is provided. with the slits l2, and intermediate the broadmarking tip 3 and the shank Ill it'is provided with upstanding ears I4whereon may pivot an overfeeder 25. An underfeeder 26 maybe employedwith, or as a substitute for, the overfeeder. If used, the underfeederwould normally be pivoted between the concave edges of the shank ID, asis best seen in Figure 15.v The overfeeder 25' is provided with a toe21, and the underfeeder is provided with a similar toe 28, thesecooperating in the manner described in my Patents Nos. 1,877,295 or2,104,479, previously mentioned. In this manner opening of the onefeeder effects opening of the other, and vice versa, andin this mannerthe ready opening for cleaning, which is a feature of the previouspatents mentioned, may

be incorporated in feeders and in a pen arrangement which incorporatesthe novel features of this invention.

In the arrangement shown the underfeeder 2G is provided with slits 42',which enables its transverse flexibility to follow the transverseflexibility afforded by the slits l2 in the pen body I, but theoverfeeder 25 is not similarly slit, reliance being placed on itsinherent flexibility, although it may be so slit if preferred.

The arrangement shown in Figure 17 is somewhat similar, save thatthe'feeders are arranged to be swung aside, swinging about anaxis nor-'mal to the pen shank rather than on a transverse axis. Thus theoverfeeder 25', the underfeeder 26', and anauxiliary feeder 56, similarin function to the plate previously described, are

joint opening and closing of these two feeders,"

the auxiliary feeder 5| is free to swing inde- Dendently of the othertwo, except that in the closed position of the parts. the overfeedercloses down upon the: auxiliary feeder 5| and holds the latter in itsoperative position.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A pen body having a broad marking tip,

longitudinally slit, to define a plurality of fingers,

for transverse flexibility; a feeder disposed at one side of the pen,and extending across a material part of the width of the pens tip, inposition to constitute anink're'servoir and a capillary channel to feedink to the tip; said feeder'being characterized in that it hassuflicient transversev flexibiity to permit substantially unrestrictedtransverse flexingof the pens tip, in marking, notwithstanding pressureof the pens fingers thereagainst.

2. A pen body having a broad marking tip, longitudinally and deeply slitfor transverse flexibility, a feeder disposed at one side of the pen,

corresponding to the breadth of the marking tip,

and in that the'slits in the feeder and in the pen body are insubstantial registry, at the tip, whereby. the tip portions of thecorresponding fingers maintain their relative operative positions duringmarking.

4. A pen body having a broad marking 'tip extending in a direction at anangle to the length of the pen body, said tip and the adjacent bodyportion having a plurality of longitudinal slits defining a plurality offlexible fingers which normally define continuations of a commonsurface, a feeder disposed at one side of the pen, in position to definean ink reservoir and an ink-feeding channel to the tip, and similarlyslit to define a similar number of registering fingers, each feederfinger contacting and flexing in operative relationship to itscorresponding pen finger, to afford proper ink supply theretonotwithstanding transverse flexing of the pens tip and departure of theindividual fingers from the common surface, and to restrict, in minimumdegree, such transverse flexing of the pens tip.

5. A pen comprising a single piece of metal bent back upon itself todefine a pen body having a marking tip, and an ink reservoir terminatingat the tip, said piece of metal being longitudinally slit through thetip portion of both the pen body and the reservoir a plurality of times,in registry, to define a. plurality of flexible fingers which affordtransverse flexibility to the pen as a whole, without interruption ofink supply to all portions of the tip, during flexing.

6. A pen comprising a single piece of metal bent back upon itself todefine a pen body, a cooperating feeder spaced therefrom to constitutean ink reservoir, and, at the bend, a marking tip, said pen having aplurality of slits, in the pen body and in the feeder, running out atthe bend, to afford transverse flexibility to the pen as a whole.

7. A pen comprising a single piece of metal bent back upon itself todefine a pen body, a marking tip at the bend, and a cooperating feederspaced from the pen body to constitute an ink reservoir communicatingwith the marking tip, said pen body and feeder having a plurality oflongitudinal slits extending through the marking tip to define aplurality of separately flexible fingers, and a plate insertible betweenthe pen body and feeder, at the marking tip, to limit the extent ofrelative flexing of said fingers.

8. The combination of claim 7, wherein the plate is mounted to swing,about an axis normal to the general plane of the metal piece, into andfrom its operative position, wherein it is interposed between the penbody and the feeder.

9. A pen comprising a single piece of sheet metal formed at one end onlyto define a supporting shank, and bent to lie in three adjacent planesto define, respectively, a pen body having a marking tip, an inkreservoir closely adjacent the, pen body and communicating with themarking tip, and an auxiliary feeder likewise communicating with themarking tip.

10. A pen comprising a single piece of sheet metal formed at one endonly to define a supporting shank, and bent to lie in three adjacentplanes to define, respectively, a pen body having a marking tip, an inkreservoir closely adjacent the pen body and communicating with themarking tip, and an auxiliary feeder likewise communicating with themarking tip, said pen body being longitudinally slit, through themarking tip, for transverse flexibility.

11. A pen comprising a single piece of metal bent back upon itself todefine a pen body, a marking tip at the bend, and a cooperating feederspaced from the pen body to constitute an ink reservoir communicatingwith the marking tip, said metal piece being further bent back uponitself, distant from the marking tip, to define an auxiliary feeder,terminating adjacent the tip.

12. A pen comprising a single piece of metal bent back upon itself todefine a pen body, a marking tip at the bend, and a cooperating feederspaced from the pen body to constitute an ink reservoir communicatingwith'the marking tip, said metal piece being further bent back uponitself, distant from the marking tip, to define an auxiliary feeder,terminating adjacent the tip, said elements being longitudinally slit,from their tip ends inwardly, to form a plurality of flexible fingers.

13. A pen comprising a pen body terminating in a broad marking tiphaving a plurality of longitudinal slits defining a plurality ofseparately flexible fingers, and a feeder mounted upon the pen body formovement between an operative position, wherein it lies close to the penbody and downward to the tip to define an ink reservoir, and aninoperative position, said feeder likewise having a plurality oflongitudinal slits extending from its tip upwardly to define a pluralityof separately flexible fingers.

14. A pen comprising a pen body of flexible material terminating in abroad marking tip having a plurality of longitudinal slits defining aplurality of separately flexible fingers, an underfeeder and anoverfeeder each mounted upon the pen body for movement between anoperative position, wherein it lies close to the pen body and extendsdownward towards the marking tip to define ink reservoirs whichcommunicate with the marking tip by way. of such slits, and aninoperative position wherein the feeders are each accessible forcleaning, each of said feeders being formed with a broad tip havingsuffioient transverse flexibility, to permit material transverse flexingof the marking tip.

15. A pen comprising a pen body of flexible material terminating in abroad marking tip having a plurality of longitudinal slits defining aplurality of separately flexible fingers, an underfeeder and anoverfeeder each mounted upon the pen body for movement between anoperaative position, wherein it lies close to the pen body and extendsdownward towards the marking tip to define ink reservoirs whichcommunicate with the marking tip by way of such slits, and aninoperative position wherein the feeders are each accessible forcleaning, each of said feeders being formed with a broad tip havingsufficient transverse flexibility to permit mate- ,rial' transverseflexing of the marking tip, and

an auxiliary feeder interposed between the pen body and one of saidother feeders, and movable with its adjacent feeder between similaroperative and inoperative positions, the auxiliary feeder likewise beingtransversely flexible in its tip portion, to permit flexing of themarking tip. 16. A pen comprising a sheet of metal bent upon itself todefine a pen body terminating in a broad marking tip, and an adjacentfeeder the tip whereof terminates adjacent the marking tip, to define anink reservoir, the feeder being apertured from the bend towards its tipto define a pen shank attached at the bend to the pen body, said shankextending generally in prolongation of the pen body, beyond the bend,for the support of the pen.

17. A pen comprising, in combination, a supporting pen body terminatingin a marking tip having a plurality of longitudinal slits defining aplurality of separately flexible fingers, a separate feeder movablymounted upon the pen body to move between an inoperative position,separated from the marking tip, and an operative position, adjacent themarking tip, and an auxiliary feeder likewise movably mounted upon thepen body for similar movement between operative and inoperativepositions, at least one of said feeders being longitudinally slit todefine a plurality of separately flexible fingers which, in operativeposition, register with and restrain to a minimum degree the flexibilityof the fingers of the marking tip.

18. A marking pen comprising a longitudinally and transversely flexiblepen body formed with a broad marking tip, and a feeder operativelydisposed, relatively to the pen body, to define an ink reservoir of abreadth substantially corresponding to the breadth of the marking tip,and of capillary thickness adjacent the marking tip, the feeder havingsufiicient transverse and longitudinal flexibility to flex with the penbody, and

to maintain its operative relationship to the pen body during flexing ofthe latter.

19. A marking pen comprising a pen body terminating in a broad markingtip, and feeder means of corresponding breadth, at the tip, operativelydisposed, relatively to the pen body, to define one or more wedge-shapedink reservoirs of appreciable breadth, terminating at the marking tip.

20.A marking pen comprising a pen body of appreciable breadththroughout, and terminating in a broad marking tip, and feeder means oflike breadth, operatively disposed, relatively to the pen body, todefine a broad ink reservoir of breadth corresponding to the pen bodysbreadth, and of gradually increasing thickness from the marking tipupwardly.

. 21. A pen comprising a piece of flexible material formed to lie inthree adjacent planes to define between them two ink reservoirs, andterminating in a broad marking tip having material transverse andlongitudinal flexibility, the material being perforated to conduct inkfrom the reservoirs to the marking tip.

22. A pen comprising a piece of flexible material formed to lie inadjacent planes to define between them an ink reservoir, and terminatingin a broad marking tip having material transverse and longitudinalflexibility, the material being perforated or slit to conduct ink fromthe reservoir to the marking tip.

ROSS F. GEORGE.

